Lignocaine for the reduction of pain from KCL infusion
The Hypokalaemia page has been updated with information about reducing the pain from KCL infusion by the use of lignocaine.
Albumin corrected calcium calculation is no longer recommended
The Calcium page has been updated to indicate that the use of albumin corrected calcium formulae are no longer recommended due to their inaccuracy.
Large bore peripheral IV cannulae
The segment on large bore peripheral cannulae in the Peripheral intravenous access page has been merged with the segment on RIC lines in the Peripheral venous cannula insertion page.
Substances to avoid giving through a peripheral IV line
The Peripheral venous access page has been updated with a revised section on substances best avoided being given through a peripheral venous line.
Intraosseous access
The Intraosseous access page has had a minor reorganisation and update.
US guided vascular access
A new page called US guided peripheral venous access has been created from the contents of the Difficult IV access page.
Analytical errors in biochemistry
The Interpretation of investigation results page has been updated with additional information about analytical errors.
Sodium measurement
The Hyponatraemia page has been simplified by the removal of reference to factors affecting [Na+] when using flame photometric or indirect ion sensing methods as these are rarely, if ever used in current practice.
Hypernatraemia
The Hypernatraemia page has had a number of other minor updates.
0.45% Saline replacement volume formula for hypernatraemia
The Hypernatraemia page has been updated with a formula for calculating the volume of 0.45% saline required to replace TBW deficits.
Free water deficit formula
The Hypernatraemia page has been updated with a more accurate free water deficit formula.
Hypophosphataemia
The Hypophosphataemia page has had a number of minor updates.
Normal serum phosphate levels
The Phosphate page has been updated with an expanded range of normal phosphate levels for different ages.
Transient synovitis
The Paediatric orthopaedic conditions page has been updated with some additional information about transient synovitis of the hip.
8.4% NaHCO3 for severe hyponatraemia
The Hyponatraemia page has been updated with information about the use of NaHCO3 for the treatment of severe hyponatraemia.
Osmotic demyelination syndrome
The Hyponatraemia page has been updated with additional information about osmotic demyelination syndrome.
Stroke prevention in AF
The Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation page has had a number of other updates.
LAA occlusion in AF
The Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation page has been updated with additional information about LAA occlusion.
Device detected AF
The Assessment of atrial fibrillation/flutter page has been updated with additional information about device detected AF.
Limitations of the CHA2DS2VA score
The Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation page has been updated with additional information about the limitations of the CHA2DS2VA score.