Risks for upper GI rebleeding
The Upper GI haemorrhage page has been updated with additional information about the risk of rebleeding.
Abdominal
Constipation
The Causes of abdominal pain has been updated with additional information about the causes and management of constipation.
Asymptomatic gallstones
The Biliary disease page has been updated with some information about the natural history of asymptomatic gallstones.
Gastrointestinal foreign bodies
The Gastrointestinal foreign bodies page has been revised and updated.
Bread bag ties
A small segment on ingested bread bag ties has been added to the Gastrointestinal foreign bodies page.
Ingested magnets
The Gastrointestinal foreign bodies page has been revised and updated.
Hepatitis C
The Infectious hepatitis page has been revised with some updating of the investigation and management of Hepatitis C. An interesting Australian Prescriber article on Hep C can be found at http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/38/6/191/7
Identification of the inferior epigastric artery
A short segment on the identification of the inferior epigastric artery using US has been added to the Ascites page.
Diverticulitis CT
A CT image of diverticulitis has been added to the Diverticulitis page.
Rigler’s sign AXR
An AXR demonstrating Rigler’s sign has been added to the Assessment of abdominal pain page.
Stop using IV glucagon for oesophageal foreign bodies
The Gastrointestinal foreign bodies page has been revised to more actively discourage the use of IV glucagon, which has little evidence of effect and potential adverse effects. BET 1: use of glucagon for oesophageal food bolus impaction. Emergency Medicine Journal 2015;32(1):85-88. http://emj.bmj.com/content/32/1/85.2.abstract.
Hepatic encephalopathy
The section on hepatic encephalopathy on the Hepatic diseases page has been expanded and updated.
Diverticulitis severity
Additional information about classifying the severity of diverticulitis has been added to the Diverticular disease page.
Sigmoid volvulus diagram
A diagram illustrating a sigmoid volvulus has been added to the Bowel obstruction page.
Correction – specificity of lipase and amylase for pancreatitis
There is an error on the Pancreatitis page that will be corrected with the next file upload. Currently it states that higher amylase and lipase values are more sensitive for pancreatitis, when higher values are actually less sensitive but more specific.
Coeliac disease
The Suspected infective gastroenteritis page has been updated with some additional information about coeliac disease.
‘To and fro’ US of small bowel obstruction
The Bowel obstruction page has been updated with US clips of ‘too and fro’ movement of bowel contents through a dilated bowel loop that is highly specific for bowel obstruction.
Acute pancreatitis
The Pancreatitis page has been updated with some additional information following the publication of a review article on the subject in the MJA.
Biliary ultrasound technique
A new page called Biliary ultrasound technique has been created in the Abdominal pain chapter.
Clostridium difficile
Some additions on Clostridium difficile infection have ben made to the new Organisms causing infective gastroenteritis page.