R squared values
A short segment on R squared values in regression analysis has been added to the Correlations between variables page.
Research
Residual variance
A short segment on residual variance has been added to the Correlations between variables page.
Sections of a scientific paper
The Sections of a scientific paper page has had a number of minor updates.
Limitations of propensity scores
The Experimental design page has been updated with additional information about the considerable limitations of propensity matching in clinical studies. These studies should not be considered as a substitute for a properly conducted prospective trial, and results from them should only be considered as associations, not as implying causality. The increasing prevalence of these types … Read more
Data collection
The Data collection page has been updated, including new segments on patient de-identification and data monitoring.
When should I change my practice?
The Analysing the medical literature page has been updated with an expanded section on When should I change my practice?
Experimental design
The Experimental design page has had a variety of small updates.
Scientific misconduct
The Ethics of research page has been updated with additional information about scientific misconduct.
Sections of a scientific paper
The Sections of a scientific paper has had a variety of updates completed.
Clinical trial registration
The Trial registration page has had a number of minor updates
Competing interests and trial outcome
The Medical literature page has been updated with information about the relationship between financial competing interests of study authors and trial outcome. I think you can probably guess what the relationship is.
Regulatory compliance of research
The Ethics of research page has been updated with information about regulatory compliance for research.
Ethics of research
The Ethics of research page has been updated, including additional information about consent for research.
Limitations of RCTs
The Analysis of the medical literature page has been updated with some additional information about the limitation of RCTs.
Propensity matched studies
A segment on propensity matched studies has been added to the Experimental design page.
Appropriate values of alpha
Some additional information about factors affecting the appropriate level for alpha (p value) has been added to the Inferential statistics page.
P value ‘trends’ and extra data
Some extra information about the effects of extra data and repeat studies on p values has been added to the Analysis of the medical literature and the Inferential statistics pages.
Higgins I squared test
Information about Higgin’s I squared test has been added to the Comparison of variables between two groups page.
Cochrane’s Q test
Additional information about Cochrane’s Q test has been added to the Comparison of variables between two groups page.
Effect of stopping trials early
The Medical literature page has been updated with information about how stopping trials early due to a positive treatment effect usually overestimates the treatment effect.