E-cigarettes and carcinogen exposure
The Smoking page has been updated with information indicating that smokers of e-cigarettes appear to have lower exposure to potential carcinogens than regular smokers.
Updates
Syncope and orthostatic hypotension
The Syncope page has been revised, particularly the segment on orthostatic hypotension and laboratory investigations.
Near syncope
The Syncope page has been updated to include a small section on near syncope.
AB and A group plasma
The Treatment of hypovolaemia and Clotting factor replacement pages have been updated with information about the use of AB and A group pre-thawed plasma.
US image of benign thyroid nodule
The Thyroid page has been updated with an US image of a benign thyroid nodule.
Shapiro rule for blood cultures
The Bacterial cultures page has been updated including information about Shapiro’s rule for taking blood cultures.
Antithrombotic agents and SDH
The Extradural and subdural haematoma page has been revised including information about the prevalence of antithrombotic use in SDH.
Fever and sepsis prognosis
The Assessment of sepsis page has been updated with additional information about the prevalence and outcome of body temperature in sepsis.
IV contrast for CT and nephropathy – more evidence of safety
The Intravenous contrast page has been updated with more evidence that IV contrast for CT in ED patients with a creatinine clearance of > 30mL/min is not associated with an increase in the rate of renal dysfunction compared to matched controls.
Cognitive effects of chemotherapy
The Other oncological emergencies page has been updated with a short mention of the cognitive effects of chemotherapy.
Drug induced amnesia
A small segment on drug induced amnesia has been added to the Cerebral lobe function page.
Coronary artery dissection
A segment on Coronary artery dissection has been added to the Coronary artery disease page.
Local anaesthesia with adrenaline
The potential risk of lignocaine with adrenaline has been downplayed on the Local anaesthesia page.
LA injection pain minimisation techniques
The Wound management page has been updated with a segment on pain minimisation techniques for local anaesthesia injection.
Intranasal / inhalational sedation
The Procedural sedation page has been revised with additional information about intranasal/inhalational procedural sedation in the ED
Fasting and ED procedural sedation
The Procedural sedation page has been revised with additional information downplaying the importance of fasting status prior to procedural sedation in the ED.
IUCD complications
Additional detail regarding IUCDs and their complications has been added to the Contraception page.
US and miscarriage
The Miscarriage page has been updated with additional information about the role of US in the diagnosis.
Myasthenia gravis
The Myasthenia gravis page has been extensively revised and updated.
US assisted LP
The Lumbar puncture page has been updated with some additional information about the role of US in performing LP in infants.