Dunn RJ
The Difficult intravenous access page has been updated with clearer guidance about when to use US guided peripheral venous access in adults. McCarthy, ML, Shokoohi, H, Boniface, KS, et al. Ultrasonography Versus Landmark for Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Annals of Emergency Medicine .
The Temperature measurement page has been updated with additional information about the accuracy of peripheral temperature measurement. Niven, DJ, Gaudet, JE, Laupland, KB, et al. Accuracy of Peripheral Thermometers for Estimating Temperature. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine 2015;163(10):768-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M15-1150.
Some additional information about the activation and outcomes of MET teams has been added to the Resuscitation teams page.
Some additional information about patient selection for ECMO has been added to the Mechanical cardiovascular support page.
Some additional information about patient selection for ECMO has been added to the Mechanical cardiovascular support page.
A small segment about preparation for criothyroidotomy and locating the cricothyroid membrane has been added to the Surgical airway techniques page.
The Resuscitation teams page has been updated with a fairly large additional section about resuscitation team leadership and actions.
Some additional information about raised ICP has been added to the Assessment of intracranial pressure page.
An image demonstrating an expiratory hold manouevre demonstrating auto PEEP has been added to the Ventilation in special circumstances page.
An image demonstrating a gas flow trace demonstrating gas trapping has been added to the Ventilation in special circumstances page.
A variety of small revisions have been made to the Non invasive ventilation and Ventilation in special circumstances pages.
A short segment about airway pressure release ventilation has been added to the Ventilation page.
A short segment on the increased anaesthetic risk in pregnancy has been added to the Anaesthetic risk page.
The Basic life support and Advanced cardiac life support pages have been updated to incorporate the 2015 ILCOR guidelines. Neumar, RW, Shuster, M, Callaway, CW, et al. Part 1: Executive Summary: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation 2015;132(18 suppl 2):S315-S67. http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/132/18_suppl_2/S315.short.
A short segment on ECMO has been added to the Mechanical cardiovascular support page.
Some additional information about the Fascia iliaca (Femoral nerve) block has been added to the Regional anaesthesia page.
An MRI demonstrating tonsillar herniation has been added to the Imaging features of raised intracranial pressure page.
Some additional information about the technique of collection of an arterial blood gas has been added to the Arterial access page.
The Central venous access page has been updated with information about the relative safety of the use of vasopressors through peripheral IV lines. Brewer, JM, Puskarich, Michael A, Jones, Alan E. Can Vasopressors Safely Be Administered Through Peripheral Intravenous Catheters Compared With Central Venous Catheters? Annals of Emergency Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.05.026.
The Central venous access technique page has been revised to now recommend the use of dynamic US for subclavian CVC insertion. Kim, JL, Koyfman, A. Does Ultrasonographic Guidance Reduce Failure Rates and Adverse Events for Subclavian Vein Catheterization Compared With the Landmark Technique? Annals of Emergency Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.001.